CmdID

CmdID / Commands

less-than

Redirect data to stdin. tldr-pages

On several platforms

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Several platforms

from tldr-pages, CC BY 4.0

Redirect a file to stdin (achieves the same effect as cat file.txt |)

command <path/to/file.txtIdentify

Create a here document and pass that into stdin (requires a multiline command)

command <<EOF <Enter> multiline_text <Enter> EOFIdentify

Create a here string and pass that into stdin (achieves the same effect as echo string |)

command <<<stringIdentify

Process data from a file and write the output to another file

command <path/to/file.txt >path/to/file2.txtIdentify

Write a here document into a file

cat <<EOF >path/to/file.txt <Enter> multiline_data <Enter> EOFIdentify

Disregard leading tabs (good for scripts with indentation but does not work for spaces)

cat <<-EOF >path/to/file.txt <Enter> multiline_data <Enter> EOFIdentify

Pass command output to a program as a file descriptor (Note: unlike the rest of these, this replaces the argument in-place with a file path like /dev/fd/63)

diff <(command1) <(command2)Identify

Open a persistent file descriptor

exec 3<path/to/fileIdentify